The Sakhalin Region has been designated one of five hydrogen clusters for the development of hydrogen technologies in distributed autonomous energy systems and hydrogen transport, including rail, road, freight, and maritime transport.

The agreement to establish the Eastern Hydrogen Cluster, signed at the Eastern Economic Forum in April 2021, marked the beginning of the development of hydrogen technologies in the Sakhalin Region. The parties to the agreement—the Sakhalin Region Government, Rosatom State Corporation, and the Ministry for the Development of the Russian Far East—are interested in developing hydrogen technologies based on a hydrogen production plant, which will supply the region, federal, and international markets with at least 100,000 tons of low-carbon hydrogen per year by 2030.

In March 2025, the Eastern Hydrogen Cluster joined the Russian Federation's industrial clusters. The Eastern Region's autonomous non-profit organization, the "Hydrogen Cluster Development Management Company," received accreditation from the Russian Ministry of Industry and Trade as a specialized industrial cluster organization. As such, starting in 2025, the Eastern Hydrogen Cluster will focus on implementing Russian hydrogen technologies in the economy and developing the hydrogen market in the Russian Federation.